NF C92-271-1-2005 电视网络应用.第1部分:一般描述
作者:标准资料网 时间:2024-05-04 13:57:22 浏览:8649
来源:标准资料网
【英文标准名称】:Telewebapplication-Part1:generaldescription.
【原文标准名称】:电视网络应用.第1部分:一般描述
【标准号】:NFC92-271-1-2005
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:法国
【发布日期】:2005-09-01
【实施或试行日期】:2005-09-20
【发布单位】:法国标准化协会(AFNOR)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:应用层;使用;广播;汇编;译码器;定义;描述;数字视频广播;电气工程;书画;指示;互连的;因特网;多媒体;开放系统互连;综述;协议;接收机;电信;图文电视;电视;电视传输;正文;传送层
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:M11
【国际标准分类号】:33_170;35_240_99
【页数】:18P;A4
【正文语种】:其他
【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforDosimetryforaSelf-ContainedDry-StorageGamma-RayIrradiator
【原文标准名称】:自带干藏γ射线辐射仪剂量测定的标准实施规范
【标准号】:ASTMISO/ASTM52116-2002
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2002
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E10.01
【标准类型】:(ISO/ASTM)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:4.1Self-containeddry-storagegamma-rayirradiatorscontainradioactivesources,namely137Csor60Co,thatemitionizingelectromagneticradiation(gammarays),underproperlyshieldedconditions.Theseirradiatorshaveanenclosed,accessibleirradiatorsamplechamberconnectedwithasamplepositioningsystem,forexample,irradiatordrawer,rotor,orirradiatorturntable,aspartoftheirradiationdevice.4.2Self-containeddry-storagegamma-rayirradiatorscanbeusedformanyradiationprocessingapplications,includingthefollowing:calibrationofdosimeters;dosimeterstudiesforresearch;irradiationsofrelativelysmallsamplesforinducingdesiredradiationeffectsorforradiationprocessvalidationpurposes;irradiationofmaterialsorbiologicalsamplesforprocesscompatibilitystudies;batchirradiationsofmicrobiological,botanical,orin-vitrosamples;irradiationofsmallanimals;radiation"hardness"testingofelectronicscomponentsandothermaterials;andbatchradiationprocessingofrelativelysmallcontainersofsamples,suchasbloodproducts,insectcanisters,prostheticdevices,andpharmaceuticals.NOTE1-Inthecaseofirradiatedhealthcareproducts,pharmaceuticals,foodstuffs,animalsandplants,theassurancethattheyareproperlyirradiatedisofcrucialimportance.Theirradiatoroperatormustdemonstratebymeansofaccurateabsorbeddosemeasurementsinsample,orinsimulatedproduct,thatthespecifiedabsorbeddoseisachieved(seeISO/ASTMGuide51261,ISO/ASTMPractices51204,51400,51702,andISO11137).Formostapplications,theabsorbeddoseisexpressedasabsorbeddoseinwater(seeISO/ASTMGuide51261).Forconversionofabsorbeddoseinwatertothatinothermaterials,forexample,silicon,solid-statedevices,polymers,seeAnnexA1ofISO/ASTMGuide51261.4.3Self-containeddry-storagegamma-rayirradiatorscontainasealedsource,oranarrayofsealedsourcescompletelyheldinadrycontainerconstructedofsolidmaterials.Thesealedsourcesareshieldedatalltimes,andhumanaccesstothechamberundergoingirradiationisnotphysicallypossibleduetodesignconfiguration(seeANSIN433.1).4.4Foreachirradiator,anabsorbed--doserateatareferencepositionwithinthesampleorsampleholderismeasured.Thatmeasurementisusedtocalculatethetimersettingrequiredtodeliverthespecifiedabsorbeddose.Theirradiatormanufacturermayperformreference-standardmeasurementsanddosemappingmeasurementswithintheirradiationchamber.NOTE2-Forreference-standarddosimetry,theabsorbeddoseandabsorbed-doseratecanbeexpressedinwaterorothermaterialwhichhassimilarradiationabsorptionpropertiestothatofthesamplesordosimetersbeingirradiated.Insomecases,thereference-standarddosimetrymaybeperformedusingionizationchambers,andmaybecalibratedintermsofexposure(Ckg?),orabsorbeddoseinair,waterortissue(gray).Measurementsperformedintermsofexposureapplytoionizationinair,andcareshouldbetakentoapplythatmeasurementtothesamplebeingirradiated.4.5Dosimetrycarriedoutwithsuchsourcesmaybepartofameasurementqualityassuranceprogramthatisappliedtoensurethattheradiationprocess,testorcalibrationmeetspredeterminedspecifications(1).94.6Absorbed-dosemappingforestablishingthelocationsofminimum(Dmin)andmaximum(Dmax)dosesusuallyisperformedusingthesampleorsimulatedproduct(see9.3).1.1Thispracticeoutlinesdosimetricprocedurestobefollowedwithself-containeddry-storagegamma-rayirradiators.Iffollowed,theseprocedureswillhelptoensurethatcalibrationandtestingwillbecarriedoutwithacceptableprecisionandaccuracyandthatthesamplesprocessedwithionizingradiationfromgammaraysinaself-containeddry-storageirradiatorreceiveabsorbe......
【中国标准分类号】:
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:13P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
基本信息
| 标准名称： | 60SiMn钢螺旋弹簧金相检验 |
| 中标分类： |
机械 >>
通用零部件 >>
弹簧 |
| 替代情况： | 被JB/T 9129-2000代替 |
| 发布日期： | |
| 实施日期： | 1991-01-01 |
| 首发日期： | |
| 作废日期： | |
| 出版日期： | |
适用范围
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前言
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所属分类： 机械 通用零部件 弹簧
